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For thousands of years, humans have been creating
pictographs, figures and icons commonly found on rock
surfaces in caves and shelters around the world. e famous
pictographs or "cave drawings" of bison, reindeer, lions and
wild horses in France's Lascaux Caves have been dated at
30,000 years old. ese prehistoric murals were created with
paints made from ground iron oxide or charcoal. e yellow,
black and red powder was mixed with animal fat and applied
to the rock with fingers and hair brushes.
Prehistoric North Americans used these techniques to
create paintings on shelter and cave walls throughout the
West. Dated at 2,000 years old, the paintings at Pictograph
State Park in Billings feature human, animal, and abstract
figures.
e term invented to describe these paintings, pictograph,
first appeared in the English language in approximately
1851. It's a merging of Latin and Greek: picto is from the
Latin pictus, "painted," and the second portion, graph, is a
derivative of the Greek verb graphien, "to write." Etymologi-
cally, a pictograph is "painted writing."
PICTOGRAPH
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